Optimum time for sprouting/using depends on the type but they are all between 2 and 5 days. During the final rinse I tend to float off any separated husks but that is cosmetic more than anything. As for using them,
Alfalfa - good sandwich filling addition for the kids
Mung - classic stir fry
Lentils - nice garlicky dressing
Aduki - alternative for stir fry
Fenugreek - a bit of spice for stir fry
Chick peas - in a mixed salad